Ueno Toshogu shrine was built in 1616, and originally it was part of the massive Kan-ei ji (i.e. Kan-ei shrine,
寛永寺), which, sadly, was destroyed during the civil conflict known as the "War of the Year of the Yang Earth Dragon" (Boshin Sensō, 戊辰戦争, 1868 - 1869). Kan-ei ji was one of the most prominent and largest temples in Japan. Today, the grounds of the temple are covered by the Ueno park.
The end of December 2013 marked the completion of renovation works of this shrine, and so it can be admired in its full glory. Ueno Toshogu shrine is located inside the Ueno park (上野公園), very close to the Tokyo National Museum, the remaining buildings of the Kan-ei shrine (寛永寺), and a beautiful Buddhist cemetery. Ueno park also hosts a zoo and a botanical garden. Near the Ueno station area there is also the famous Ame Yoko street (アメ横), and the underground Asian market.
Here is one of many shots that I took at that shrine. It is a photo of a temple guardian dog.